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Palladius’ Gospel Book

Palladius’ Gospel Book

The great fire of 1484 destroyed most of the first manuscripts made at Putna Monastery. After the marks of the fire were removed, other craftsmen – from among those brought by Stephen the Great from Neamț to Putna to create a scriptorium there – started copying other books, to replace the destroyed ones.

In this new series of manuscripts, the Gospel Book was entrusted to Palladius, a monk whose name, accompanied by the mention “writer,” appears in the Bistrița Monastery diptych. This skilled copyist wrote and illuminated the Gospel Book, following the one crafted by Gavril Uric at Neamț Monastery in 1436.

The first page of the Gospel of Matthew in Palladius’ Gospel Book.
The first page of the Gospel of Matthew in Palladius’ Gospel Book.

The high‑quality vellum; the golden titles; the golden and polychrome first letters; the frontispieces – some wide, other narrow – where circles and lines intertwine and crisscross in a tight mesh of gold and colors which looks as fresh as an enamel; the floral ornaments and the skillfully crafted borders – they all testify to the skill of the copyist, but also to the taste of the commissioner. The richness of this manuscript reflects, at a smaller scale, the wealth and stability of the entire country.

Finishing his work, Palladius penned the dedicatory note in Slavonic: “The right-believing Io Ștefan Voivode, Prince of the entire Moldavia, hath this Gospel Book made and written and bound for the Monastery at Putna in the thirtieth and second year of his reign, in the times of Archimandrite Paisius the Short, by the hand of great sinner and so-called Monk Palladius in the year 6997 <1489>. It was begun in the 3rd day of the month of September, and it was finished on the 23rd of March.”

The back cover binding of Palladius’ Gospel Book.

The back cover binding

The front cover binding of Palladius’ Gospel Book.

The front cover binding

More than half a millennium has passed, and Palladius’ manuscript has not moved from the place where its founder meant it to be. Only the silver binding – which must have had represented, as the custom was, the icon of Resurrection on the front and the patronal icon of the monastery on the back – was destroyed, possibly in the 1536 fire.

Its repair was commissioned by the grand‑daughter of Stephen the Great, Lady Ruxandra, daughter of Peter Rareș and consort of Prince Alexander Lăpușneanu, who ordered a Slavonic inscription on the back cover: “This Gospel Book was renewed and bound by order of Lady Roxanda, from the old silver of Prince Stephen, and given to Putna Monastery, which is dedicated to the Dormition of the Holy Mother of God, in the year 7078 <1570>, the 21st of September.”